The State's Authority to Punish Crime

The Race to Punish in American Schools: Class and Race Predictors of Punitive School-Crime Control

Despite the general agreement that US schools have become increasingly punitive since the 1980s, researchers are uncertain about what types of schools use toughon-crime measures. Some assert that punitive control is concentrated in poor, predominantly ethnic minority schools. Governing-through-crime scholars argue that US schools with mostly middle-class and white students are also punitive, bu...

The National Crime Authority and the investigation of fraud

The National Crime Authority is an investigative agency established by Commonwealth and underpinning state legislation. The Authority is constituted by a Chairman and Members of the Authority. A Member of the Authority is responsible for the operation of one or more of the Authority's offices. The Authority has offices in Melbourne, Sydney, Adelaide and Perth and in 1992 will open an office in ...

Russian Organized Crime in the United States

Russian organized crime (ROC) is an umbrella phrase that captures a variety of crime groups and criminal activities. Our focus in this report is on the groups and the activities present in the United States. In some instances, the crimes and the forms of criminal organization here differ from those of ROC in Russia or elsewhere in the world. This may be a result of differing external environmen...

Measurement of Crime in the United States

Punish in public

Convergent evidence for detrimental effects of punishment on cooperation has been obtained in a wide variety of environments, ranging from American students facing punishment in laboratory experiments to Israeli parents facing fines for arriving late to their child‟s day care. We show here that enhancing the norm salience role of punishment can eliminate its detrimental effects. In a public goo...